Growing African Violets

African violets used to be very common houseplants, they are surprisingly low maintenance if you meet their minimum requirements.  I like the looks of them, some of the colours are incredible, and I am amazed at how long they can produce flowers.  

While African violets used to be very common, and many households grew them, I don't see them for sale very often.  In the old days there were only a few varieties, and most were not all that great.  

Nowadays there are a lot more varieties, many are superior to what was available in the past, and some are not as good as the old ones, yet for some reason these plants are not commonly seen anymore.  

African Violet

I grow a few African violets, and have read a lot about their history and genetics, yet I still feel like I don't know what I am doing with them.  

I got my first African violet in early 2021, it was unnamed other than to say it was 'light blue'.  It was in a pot with a wick which made care very simple.  It is the only one I have in a pot with a wick, all the others grow in regular plant pots.  I probably should grow a few more with wicks as it really is very simple to care for plants in these pots. 

After growing this plant for about 4 years, it is still alive and flowering.  It was not overly symmetrical as I didn't rotate the pot often enough.  I t took me some time, but I eventually fixed this and evened out the plant's growth.  

I took a leaf cutting from this plant, which produced 3 baby plants.  I probably should take some more leaf cuttings as it is a lovely plant. 

My first African violet - looks better in real life (I am no photographer)

I got a leaf of another African violet variety in July or August 2023.  This leaf cutting produced baby plants, which grew well, and flowered in March 2024.  This was about 7 or 8 months after I first got the leaf.  From leaf to producing baby plants felt like it took forever, from baby plants to mature plants felt a lot faster. 

The leaf cutting grew several plants.  They flowered, then some stopped flowering.  I fertilised with leachate from my worm farm, and they flowered again.  I like the colour of its flowers.  

They stopped flowering again, so I divided them into their own pots and ended up with four healthy genetically identical plants.  I love the colour of the flowers and really should take some more leaf cuttings of this variety.  

African violet - I was told the variety is 'New Hampshire'

This stopped flowering so I divided and planted in its own pot

African violets are reasonably simple to grow.  They don't love lots of full sun and don't like deep shade, and don't cope with frosts, other than that there is not much to worry about with them.  You would likely get better results by using expensive and specialised equipment, but I don't use anything special to grow them, and so far they are doing well.

Special African violet pots with self watering wicks are strangely expensive.  I have one plant growing in one of these, and it practically takes care of it self.  All my others are in regular small plastic plant pots.  I keep considering buying some pots with wicks, perhaps one day I will do this as they really are a lot simpler to care for.  

Each year my African violets flower for most of the year.  It is incredible how many months they will bloom.  Winter is a little cold, and a bit dark, and I don't use heating or lighting and my plants don't flower well over winter for me.  Grow lights and heat mats would certainly help, but they cost money to run, and anything electrical poses a fire risk, so I don't tend to use them.  

I have seen special African violet fertiliser for sale, it is meant to be good but I have never used it.  I sometimes fertilise with leachate from my worm farm.  I don't know if this is just a coincidence, or if African violets like worm farm leachate, but each time after doing this they always throw up a flush of new growth and some flower buds.  

I have seen special African violet potting mix for sale in stores and online, other than my first plant which probably came growing in this mix I have never used it.  I buy regular potting mix, and perlite, and mix them together to make a light airy soil.  I use this mix when growing African violets, and it seems to work ok.  The regular potting mix has nutrients in it, and the perlite adds air space in the soil.  From what I have read, this is what these plants need.  Unless something goes very wrong, I will probably continue to use this mix as it is cheap and seems to do the job well.  

Seed pod beginning to develop

As well as growing the original plant, and growing new plants from leaf cuttings, I cross pollinated some flowers, and self pollinated some flowers.  These produced seed pods which contain lots of really tiny seeds.  I planted these seeds, many of which germinated.  I then accidentally dropped the pot and lost all the seedlings!  I have since pollinated more flowers, collected more tiny seeds, and have recently planted another batch of seed.  This time I plan to be more careful.  Hopefully they produce nice plants with interesting and unique flowers, but only time will tell.  

African violets seedlings are said to flower in much the same time as using a leaf cutting, but each will be genetically unique.  Growing from seed seems like a good way to increase my collection and hopefully add some more diversity of flower colours/types.  It also gives me a chance to develop something new and nice and to mess around with breeding if I can find the time and energy. 

'Light Blue' African Violet

Apparently few people grow African violets from seed, I am not sure why.  Other than fake seeds being sold through ebay, I can only find one place online who actually sells African violet seed.  I have seen a few social media posts of people who have grown nice looking plants from their own seed, but none of them appear to sell seed.  

Perhaps the lack of seed sellers is due to these lovely plants becoming unpopular.  I looked for a club or something so I could learn more, and discovered that there used to be a local club and it closed a few years ago due to lack of interest.  I looked for clubs further away, and the ones I found only have meetings during the day as their members are mostly retired people.  This surprises me because African violets can look rather incredible, and are not difficult to grow.  

African Violet - New Hampshire

Even though I have successfully grown African violets for about four years, and have propagated them using leaf cuttings, and I have self-pollinated and cross-pollinated flowers, and my seed have produced seedlings, for some reason I still feel like I don't know what I am doing with African violets.  

These plants have always seemed so mysterious, and have always been described as being difficult to grow, that something inside me still thinks I am missing something.  It almost feels wrong that they could be this simple to grow.  

Then again, plants such as saffron, watercress, and Chinese water chestnuts have reputations for being difficult yet are absurdly easy to grow and are all very productive.  Many people have killed their share of maidenhair ferns and venus flytraps, both of which are reasonably easy to grow for many years and have an undeserved reputation for being impossible to succeed with.  Perhaps the reputation of African violets as being hard to grow is equally as undeserved. 

African Violets double and single

I have always liked African violets, for some reason I didn't get one until the year 2021.  

The first African violet I got was a small weak plant that was not flowering when I got it, it had no variety name and was labelled as 'light blue'.  It was in a self-watering pot, which made it very simple to look after.  The plant grew larger and stronger, eventually it flowered, and flowered, and kept on flowering.  

African violets really are remarkable with how long they can flower.  

After a few years it eventually stopped flowering, and stopped growing.  I meant to repot it, but didn't.  I fertilised it with leachate from my worm farm.  It then grew leaves far larger than it ever has before, and started flowering again.  

I also have another African violet that I grew from a leaf cutting from a different variety.  This is growing in a normal pot with soil that I mixed myself because I am too cheap to buy African violet potting mix.  The leaf babies were growing well, I am not sure how many were in there.  I then fertilised them with worm farm leachate, not long after that they also started flowering.  

Perhaps it is a coincidence, or perhaps African violets like worm farm leachate.  I don't know, and as long as they are healthy and flowering I don't really care.  

My African Violets

Below are the plants I am currently propagating.  I hope to have a few baby plants of each large that are enough to be flowering and ready for sale by spring.  

Light Blue, has very large double flowers, frilly petals, and I am not sure of the variety name.  To the best of my knowledge there are no true blue African violets, most are some type of purple like this one, in the right light it kind of almost looks blue.  I don't care what the colour name is, I really like it.

African Violet

Purple or Magenta (I am not great with colour names), single pansy type flowers, small compact and highly vigorous plant.  The colour of the flowers is a little darker than in my photos, it is an amazing colour.  I was told the cultivar name is 'New Hampshire'.  The baby plants only have a few flowers per stem, I assume this is because they are still very young as the mother plant I got the leaf from had a lot of flowers per stem.  

African Violet

I like the larger frilly double flowered types of African violets.  There are also a few colours that I am considering trying to get.  I wouldn't mind doing some breeding with African violets to see what I can produce.  

I saw the picture below on a social media page, I would love to grow one that looks like this some day.  If you have a plant like that and are interested in a leaf swap, or would be willing to sell me a leaf, let me know and we will see if we can work out something.  

African Violet - not my picture

Hopefully in spring I will have a few flowering plants of my magenta/purple and the double blue African Violets for sale, and there is a slight chance I may have another few varieties.  If I have a few flowering plants for sale the details might be found on this blog's for sale page.  

Leaf Cuttings African Violet

A few years ago I bought an African violet.  For some reason I don't see many African violets around these days.  They are lovely little ornamental flowers with no particular use that I can gather beyond being nice to look at.  

I have always heard that African violets are difficult to grow.  My one has been easy to grow.  It lives in a little self watering pot on my kitchen windowsill.  Every few weeks I fill up the water reservoir, from time to time I remove dead flowers or dead leaves, and I rotate the pot occasionally to keep the growth reasonably even.  Other than that it takes care of itself.

Up until recently it bloomed for most of the year, only stopping over winter when it gets too cold.  My original one grows large ruffled blue flowers, it is rather pretty.  It needs repotting and/or fertilising if it is going to keep flowering well.  Using leachate from my worm farm seems to be good fertiliser for African violets. 

At that start of winter I saw an African violet that had dark red flowers.  I had heard how simple African violets are to propagate form leaf cuttings, so thought I would give it a try.  I removed a leaf, put it in my pocket, and brought it home.  When I got home I mixed potting soil with perlite, put this in a pot, watered it until damp, and planted my leaf cutting.  

African Violet leaf babies 

I have heard that the plantlets are produced from the cut part of the petiole, and to produce extra plantlets you cut the petiole on an angle with the cut section facing up.  I did this, I also nicked the petiole a little further up to see if it produced any extra plants for me.

Several months passed, the leaf looked fine, but nothing really happened.  It can be very cold in my house over winter, so it is not unexpected that it did not grow during this time.

One day in early spring the potting mix looked like it had been pushed up near the base of the leaf.  I looked closer and saw several tiny leaves.  It looks like my leaf cutting worked, and the leaf cutting is producing several baby African violets.  

Now the weather has warmed, the tiny plantlets have started to grow relatively quickly.  The leaf itself still looks healthy.

I am still not sure how many plants it produced as the leaves of the baby plants are all close together.  It looks like this leaf has produced three or four little plants.  I am happy with that number.  

I am told if you slit the end of the petiole about a centimeter or two that you should get a much larger number of plantlets, but they will be a bit smaller.  I have taken a leaf cutting from my blue flowered plant and am trying this.  

African Violet leaf babies

Look how cute leaf babies are!

I plan to let these grow a bit larger before I repot them into individual pots.  If I divide them too early I risk killing them, if I wait too long to divide I risk stunting them, so it is a bit of a guesswork balancing act.  

I think they are ready to be transplanted now, but am planning leaving them to grow just a little larger.  I really don't want to lose them.

Leaf babies ready for transplant 

The mother leaf itself still looks remarkably healthy.  If I cut it off just above where the plantlets are attached, I wonder if I could reuse the leaf as a cutting to produce even more plants.  I would hate to lose my little leaf babies, so perhaps I will attempt this with another leaf at another time.  

It is early summer here now.  After repotting I have no idea how long until they will be large enough to flower, I am guessing it won't be before late spring or early summer next year at the earliest.  From everything I have read it takes about 6 to 9 months to flower after being separated.  

Edit to add: this post was written December 2023, the leaf babies were flowering March 2024, they had not yet been divided or repotted.  The leaf cutting from my blue African violet has just started to grow baby plantlets.  Perhaps the 6 to 9 months includes 3 months for the leaf to produce baby plants, and then another 3 to 6 months before they are large enough to flower.  I have been told growing from seed takes a similar amount of time.

I would like to get a few more types of African violet.  I don't have a lot of places in my house where I think African violets will thrive, so I will never grow a large number of them and will need to be picky about what varieties I grow.  

Once my leaf babies are larger I will probably keep one and offer the others for sale or trade, or I may offer to sell leaf cuttings.  If I do this I will try to list them on my for sale page along with the perennial vegetables, herbs, and vegetable seeds and things that I sell.  I don't plan of selling them before they start to flower and I work out the best way to post them, so this won't be until some time from now.

African Violet

For years I have wanted an African Violet.  For some reason or another I have never bought one.  

Nowhere around here seems to sell them.  I thought about buying leaf cuttings, but only one place seems to sell them and they have minimum purchase numbers.  Also, I don't know how well I would go at growing them from a leaf cutting.

My daughter saw African violets on the internet and really wanted one.  Her birthday was coming up, so I looked on gumtree and found someone selling African violets locally.  

I went over to buy one and none of them were in bloom, most were very small plants.  I think this person had bought leaf cuttings and grew them out for sale.  

I still got one, but my daughter doesn't want a plant, she wants flowers.  I doubt this thing will be ready to flower for a long time, so rather than give it to my daughter ended up keeping it myself.  My daughter's birthday has been and gone, and the plant has not really grown, so I made the right choice not to give this to her.

Hopefully I can keep this African violet alive, and hopefully it flowers for me when it is large enough.  If it flowers maybe I can give it to my daughter then.

African violet in self watering pot

African Violet - too small to flower yet

I got this plant in May 2021, as of 6 January 2022 it started flowering.  Which means it would not have made a good birthday present for a little girl, and I am glad I grew it out rather than giving it to my daughter.  

I'm not sure if I would call this 'light blue' but I still like it.

African Violet in bloom